To test the involvement of the Ca2+ transient in regulation of these P bodies and consequently in regulating translation regulation, we examined the common P body marker, Me31B, at activation (Fig. 7A C).
Consistent with a major role in regulating translation, OMA RNP protein components include translational repressors and activators.
Consistent with a major role for OMA-1 and OMA-2 in regulating translation, OMA-1-associated proteins include translational repressors and activators, and some of these proteins bind directly to OMA-1 in yeast two-hybrid assays, including OMA-2.
These findings define a hitherto unknown mechanism of action for arginine methylation in regulating translation of a subset of mRNAs including those encoding pivotal leukemogenic transcriptional regulators MLL1 and MLL4.
Godefroy-Colburn, T. & Thach, R. E. The role of mRNA competition in regulating translation IV.
Brendler, T., Godefroy-Colburn, T., Yu, S. & Thach, R. E. The role of mRNA competition in regulating translation III.
Walden, W. E., Godefroy-Colburn, T. & Thach, R. E. The role of mRNA competition in regulating translation I. Demonstration of competition in vivo.
This suggests a common role for Xrn1 in regulating translation of cellular mRNAs and BMV RNA2, likely at the translation initiation step.
Although its action is not established28, studies in model organisms suggest that hypusinated eIF5A controls proliferation by regulating translation initiation or elongation29,30.
By comparing cost-effective and ineffective architectures, we found that cost per protein molecule could be minimized by lowering transcription levels, regulating translation speeds, and utilizing amino acids that are cheap to synthesize and that are less hydrophobic.
This means not only that bacterial riboswitches regulating translation initiation are not available in eukaryotic translation systems, but also that it is physically difficult to construct eukaryotic ON riboswitches that regulate the eukaryotic canonical translation initiation, because an aptamer cannot be inserted upstream of the ribosome loading site.
