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Nohturfft, A., Yabe, D., Goldstein, J.L., Brown, M.S. & Espenshade, P.J. Regulated step in cholesterol feedback localized to budding of SCAP from ER membrane.
Chloroplast gene expression is regulated at multiple steps such as transcription, splicing, editing, processing, stability, translation, and post-translational modification, and no single step is the primary regulated step (Barkan 2011).
It has been established experimentally that genes which are regulated at elongation tend to express faster and more synchronously; however, it has not been shown directly whether or not it is the change in the regulated step per se that causes this increase in speed and synchrony.
A key regulated step of transcription is promoter melting by RNA polymerase (RNAP) to form the open promoter complex1,2,3.
First, the UV-based ChIP assay we developed and applied to mapping RNA Pol II on genes in the mid-1980s led to the in-depth characterization of 'Promoter-Paused Pol II' as a very common rate-limiting and regulated step in the transcription of metazoan genes.
These reactions are governed by kinetics laws, and the most regulated step for many genes is the transcription rate.
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This involves complex regulation of entry into the cell cycle, a series of tightly regulated steps that control DNA synthesis and mitosis.
We here show that stimulated lymphocytes decondense chromatin by three differentially regulated steps.
Inflammation is an ensemble of tightly regulated steps, in which macrophages play an essential role.
Kinesin-1 is an ATP-driven, processive motor that transports cargo along microtubules in a tightly regulated stepping cycle.
All of these molecules participate in tightly regulated steps of actin polymerization and depolymerization required for Listeria uptake [30], [31].
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