Its enzymatic activity is normally tightly regulated by structural autoinhibition.
Differentiating cells undergo programmed alterations in their patterns of gene expression, which are often regulated by structural changes in chromatin.
However, this is presented as a largely unregulated process of highly promiscuous recombination between unrelated genes, while our observations suggest a process tightly regulated by structural homology and, consequently, with much less scope for introducing novelty.
A variety of β-d-glucans differing in structures have been isolated from various sources and their biological activity to be regulated by various structural factors, such as the primary structure, molecular weight, solubility, and conformation.
As the function of PaPrx is regulated by its structural status, in the present study, we examined the effects of electron beam radiation on the structural modifications of PaPrx, as well as changes to PaPrx peroxidase and chaperone functions.
The expression of α-amylase is regulated by its structural gene, amyR, DegU-P, PrsA lipoprotein, cutinase and other similar flanking genes, components of gene expression regulatory systems, molecular chaperones and enzymes.
Ligand binding to α-integrin I domains is regulated by a structural change from a "closed" or ligand-unbound conformation to an "open" or ligand-bound conformation [5].
In vivo, stem cells are thought to reside in a so-called stem cell niche, where their properties are carefully regulated by the structural and functional conditions of the extracellular matrix, cell-cell interactions, and complex signaling cascades [ 23].
In this study, we first characterized the details of interaction between endogenous ceramide and I2PP2A/SET, which is regulated by both structural characteristics and sub-cellular localization of I2PP2A/SET and/or ceramides with different fatty acid chain lengths, whose accumulation was altered in lung tumours.
Both the nucleotide addition phase and the pausing phase are closely regulated by conserved structural motifs near the active center of the polymerase, namely the bridge helix and the trigger loop (TL) (Bar-Nahum et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2006; Vassylyev et al., 2007; Brueckner and Cramer, 2008; Kaplan et al., 2008; Tan et al., 2008).
Gene functions are generally accepted to be associated with mRNA decay (Bernstein et al. 2002) and expression level (Barry et al. 2005; Lukk et al. 2010), which are partly regulated by the structural stability of mRNA (Kudla et al. 2009; Novikova et al. 2012; Tani et al. 2012; Zur and Tuller 2012).
