Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), perhaps the most critical regulator of angiogenesis in both tumours and normal tissue, is regulated by numerous factors, most notably tissue oxygen level (Shweiki et al, 1992).
In most tissues, Cox-2 requires activation by inflammatory or other stimuli and is regulated by numerous 5′ transcription factors in addition to post-transcriptional regulation through elements at the 3′ untranslated region of the gene [ 3].
Marriage is regulated by numerous incest taboos.
The bioactivity of these growth factors is regulated by numerous mediators.
Patterns of gene expression in multicellular eukaryotes are regulated by numerous extremely sophisticated mechanisms.
Fast calcium signaling is regulated by numerous calcium channels exhibiting high spatiotemporal profiles which are currently measured by fluorescent calcium sensors.
Charitable activities are regulated by numerous bodies, from HMRC to the Fundraising Standards Board, but it was the Charity Commission's change programme, back by millions in additional government funding, which dominated the debate.
Similar to most GTPases, Rac1 functions as a molecular switch between GTP and GDP and is regulated by numerous guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and several GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs 29,30,31.
Such invasive transition of C. albicans cells is regulated by numerous cell signal transduction pathways, one of which involves a small GTPase, the C. albicans Cdc42 (CaCdcd42), with specific binding to downstream effectors, e.g., CaCla4 and Cst20, containing CRIB domains.
Open image in new window Figure 3 PPP is either positively or negatively regulated by numerous factors as indicated.
The activity of PKM2 can be regulated by numerous allosteric effectors and posttranslational modifications (PTMs) that could change its conformation.
