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To further deplete intracellular cholesterol, the core macromolecule structure was exploited to solubilize a hydrophobic small molecule agonist for nuclear Liver-X Receptors, which regulate the efflux of intracellular cholesterol.
ABC transporters regulate the efflux and redistribution of lipids and, in turn, lipid composition can control ABC activity.
Plants regulate the efflux of Na+ from the cytoplasm mainly by the activity of vacuolar (NHX1; Apse and Blumwald 2007) and plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporters (SOS1; Shi et al. 2002).
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Because ABCA1 regulates the efflux of cellular cholesterol through direct interaction with ApoAI [29], [30], we measured ApoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux in the WT and LRP1−/− SMCs in the presence and absence of T0901317.
We have shown that various p53 mutants promote transcriptional activation of the mitochondrial citrate carrier SLC25A1, (CTP/CIC), which regulates the efflux of citrate from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm [ 3].
Our results showed that Zur can act both as a repressor of genes for zinc uptake (znuK, znuL, znuM, znuGHI and zrpW), and as an activator positively regulating the efflux systems encoded by czrCBA and zntA.
spt carpel defects can be rescued by application of the auxin transport inhibitor NPA [ 30, 57], suggesting that SPT activity may impact auxin transport, which is consistent with its regulation of protein kinases that regulate the PIN efflux carriers [ 19].
AcuR is in the TetR/AcrR family of bacterial transcriptional regulators (COG1309), being 34% identical to E. coli AcrR, which down-regulates the multidrug efflux pump AcrAB [25].
The complex of Slc7a5/Slc3a2, acts as a bidirectional transporter that regulates the simultaneous efflux of L-glutamine out of cells and transport of L-leucine/essential L-leucine/essentiallls.
Moreover, genes which regulate the expression of multidrug-efflux pumps are frequently mutated, such as mexZ, a negative regulator of the MexXY-OprM multidrug-efflux pump, whose inactivation increases the resistance to aminoglycoside and other drugs [6], [15].
One major mechanism of chemotherapeutic resistance is the presence of ATP-dependent efflux pumps to regulate the rate at which chemotherapeutic drugs are effluxed out of a cell and control the amount of drug remaining within the cell [ 10].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com