Scholars such as Gerbert of Aurillac, the future pope Sylvester II, were forced to wander from city to city in the pursuit of learning (Gerbert had to travel to Spain to study advanced mathematics); nevertheless, the growing wealth and stability of regional societies, such as those in Burgundy, Flanders, and Normandy, encouraged new impulses in the arts and letters.
The International Federation of Societies of Cosmetic Chemists ( IFSCC ) promotes international cooperation in cosmetic science and technology--and offers a gateway to regional societies and information.
Japanese scholar Tsurumi Kazuko held that "endogenous development" is superior to the European and American modernization mode in stimulating the development of regional societies with their own cultural traditions.
As noted in Culture, Ethnic Group and Society Researchh on the South China Sea Rim, integrity and diversity are the basic characteristics of the regional societies while the intra/inter-regional social systems, comprised of diverse social networks and symbolic systems, are essential to social continuity.
The participants represented a total of 20 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, UK and USA) and 18 national and regional societies (as presented in the list of participants).
Further, changes in the spatio-temporal shifts in precipitation pattern increase the probability of various unusual or extreme events affecting the livelihoods of regional societies and their interactions with the global economy (e.g., Henebry et al. 2013; Chen et al. 2015).
The correct understanding of the basic characteristics of regional society requires exploration of trans-state and trans-national regional research.
These systems are like a kaleidoscope that provides different points of view to examine the regional society(Ma, 2012).
This basic understanding allows an analysis of both the vulnerability of mountain communities and the potential risk for regional society and economies.
The multiple social networks, constructed in the complex process of time-honored and frequent cross-border activities, serve as bonds of the regional society as a whole.
Therefore, the study of the regional society should not be limited by modern nation-state boundaries, but rather considered in the context of cooperation at community, regional and state levels.
