A two-stage three-dimensional (3-D) forward modeling approach (Baba et al. 2013c) is applied to incorporate the effects of regional large-scale topography and local small-scale topography.
Given that the processes of regional, large-scale gene duplication and tandem duplication through recombination are known to occur in genomes, we interpret our results in terms of these mechanistic models.
The DELOS project points out that the downstream effects of defence structures on coastal processes and regional-scale impacts on biodiversity necessitate planning and management at a regional (large coastline) scale.
A 280 km wide sediment wedge in outer Bjørnøyrenna (Bear Island Trough), south-western Barents Sea, has been investigated using 2D and 3D seismic data, sediment gravity cores, as well as regional swath and large scale bathymetry data.
Furthermore, the countries of a single region export similar product; this significantly reduces the potential for sub-regional trade on large scale.
Thus, monitoring of GMO at the landscape scale is required after the GMO have been released to detect adverse environmental effects at regional or larger scale [11].
The mobile nature of flying-foxes underlines the need for a management strategy at a regional or larger scale, and independent of state borders.
We have described a simple and efficient finite-difference scheme, called the quasi-Cartesian FDTD to calculate seismic wave propagation for a sub-global (regional or larger) scale model represented by a partial spherical shell of a 3-D heterogeneous global Earth structure.
We conducted a large scale regional analysis to identify regions in which matrix conversion has larger effect on bird functional connectivity.
Combined analysis of the gravity anomalies and model results also explains erosion as one of the main mechanisms responsible for gravity signal for tectonically inactive regions and illustrates the interaction of short wavelength erosional processes and large scale, regional processes like active orogenesis and dynamic topography.
The fact that, in spite of a large increase in the CO emissions from 2003 to 2012, its average concentration remains almost stable indicates that a large scale regional transport contributes substantially to the tropospheric CO.
