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We refrained from performing optical imaging experiments within 7 days after surgery, and from repeating optical imaging on identical animals at an interval shorter than 7 days.
We refrained from pursuing such inhibitor experiments because it was not possible to obtain any commercially available Family 18 specific inhibitors, and it could not be guaranteed that they would be specific for the symbionts's chitinase.
Stepping into an uncharted intersection of science and morality, President Clinton on Tuesday banned the use of federal funds for human cloning research and called upon private sector scientists to voluntarily refrain from such experiments.
We aimed to assess which (combination of) compounds and which concentrations of these compounds maximize the response of the parasitoids, but – given the very large number of experiments required – we refrained from determining the quantitative blend composition that maximizes the parasitoid response.
Ten hours before the experiment, the participants refrained from consuming caffeine, alcohol and food.
Each subject refrained from caffeine and other stimulants or depressants throughout each experiment.
At the end of the experiment they were asked if they had indeed refrained from doing these things.
They refrained from caffeine, nicotine and alcohol at least 10 hours prior to the experiment.
Typically, Wasserstein refrained from commenting.
He refrained from visiting Yasukuni.
Israel refrained from direct retaliation.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com