As a result of Khamenei's backing, hardliners refrained from attacking Zarif during the talks.
It has had to accept, however, that Obama's goal is to prevent proliferation and, unlike Israel, has refrained from open criticism of the emerging deal.
It is by no means a given Reus himself is keen on the move south – he will surely wait for firm offers from Spain and England before making up his mind – but unlike Hummels, he is noticeably refrained from pledging his loyalty to the club and left Munich without comment.
But so far, national politicians have refrained from entering the debate.
During the press conference, Brennan described the pair as having a "friendship relationship", but refrained from giving further details.
She was struck first by the humour of Ruhl's version – it's much funnier than she expected it to be, funnier, she suspects, than Sally Potter's opulent 1992 film version, in which Tilda Swinton starred, though she has refrained from watching this in full.
David Haye famously refrained from sex for six weeks before his fights, explaining his reticence with the mantra: "Find a lion that hasn't had some food for a while, and you've got a dangerous cat".
For decades directors who plied their trade under the army's boot refrained from casting the brasshats in an unflattering light.
Most of the private media, controlled by a small elite, have refrained from criticising the government, while parroting its views.
For the three decades before the financial crisis, governments mostly refrained from meddling in the economy.
Regulators have refrained from comment for now, promising a decision on the status of BNP's stake in SocGen before the end of the month.
