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Subjects were instructed to refrain from vigorous physical activity 2 days before every experimental session and from alcohol and smoking 1 day before.
Therefore, in most institutions, patients are asked to breathe in a shallow fashion during the neck acquisition and refrain from vigorous inspiratory or expiratory manoeuvres.
Three days before the protein metabolism study, subjects were instructed to adhere to their usual diet and to refrain from vigorous exercise until completion of the study.
Individuals were also asked to refrain from vigorous exercise thirty minutes prior to testing.
Subjects were instructed to refrain from vigorous exercise and alcohol for at least 24 h before each study.
Prior to the experiments, the subjects were asked to refrain from vigorous exercise for at least 48 h.
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After arrival at 3,700 m, all subjects undertook the same daily regimen and refrained from vigorous exercise.
Participants were asked to refrain from alcohol, vigorous exercise, and use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors prior to study visits.
They were asked to refrain from taking vigorous exercise and ingesting caffeine or alcohol 24 h prior to the main trials.
Participants will be asked to refrain from moderate-vigorous intensity exercise for 24 hours prior to collection.
The participants were informed to refrain from smoking and vigorous activity the day before the cycle test and from heavy meals within two hours before the test.
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