Sentence examples for refractory genes from inspiring English sources

The need to identify refractory genes for this effort has focused much attention on the immune system of malaria's main vector in Africa, An. gambiae.

Furthermore the pathogen itself could evolve mechanisms to evade the effects of the linked refractory genes.

The fitness cost of refractory genes has in some, but not all, circumstances been estimated to be quite high [ 30].

However, there is still the need to identify those refractory genes best suited for "constructing" transgenic mosquitoes.

Conversely, preventing the establishment of insecticide resistance genes or spreading refractory genes in a genetic modification strategy would be challenging.

Synthetic disease refractory genes have already been developed for human malaria, dengue fever and avian malaria [ 2- 5].

One approach to disease prevention involves the use of selfish genetic elements to drive disease-refractory genes into wild mosquito populations.

The appearance of refractory mosquitoes would provide the opportunity to carry out crosses to identify potential refractoriness genes in this species.

Their studies show that the nuclear periphery is not refractory to gene transcription, but can modulate the activity of certain genes.

It has been shown before that P. falciparum parasites with a deletion of PfSERA4 gene display increased RNA levels of PfSERA5, which is refractory to gene deletion (McCoubrie et al., 2007).

Neural tissue in C. elegans has been previously shown to be refractory to gene expression knockdown by RNAi [18].