The state appellate court said this did not reflect discrimination but the fact that men and women are simply different when it comes to procreation.
We advocate looking at a variety of socioeconomic factors that reflect differences, in the aggregate, among black, Latino and white poverty: consideration of wealth (which is accumulated over generations and reflects our history of slavery and segregation) and neighborhood poverty levels (which reflect discrimination in the housing market).
But do attitudes reflect discrimination?
Alternatively, this could reflect discrimination on the part of employers.
In many of the examples here X is a measure of beauty that affects some outcome whose desirability increases in Y, for example, the likelihood of electoral success, Throughout I assume that X is solely ascriptive and that the response of Y to it reflects discrimination.
This view has been strongly criticised by others [most recently Ben Barres in Nature, [2]], who argue that performance differences reflect discrimination against females, although support for this position is equivocal with investigations into gender bias in funding application success, for example, suggesting different conclusions [e.g. 3], [4].
To what extent do these inequalities reflect discrimination and contribute to problems in health workforce recruitment, distribution, and retention?
Preventable maternal mortality and morbidity reflect discrimination in priority-setting within health systems that leads to inequitable access to healthcare for women.
Higher satisfaction with the attitude of health workers as perceived by the locals may reflect discrimination against migrants by the receiving societies because of their relatively lower socio-economic status.
RIGAMAs 33 notable predictive powers for inpatient mortality may reflect discrimination for acute critical illness given input variables that largely record physiological and metabolic derangement, including prognostic biomarkers (eg, troponin).
