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However, measurement results in numbers, and numbers reflect quantity, not quality.
Using indicators, which primarily reflect quantity, not quality, leads to perverse incentives and should be avoided.
While this finding is difficult to explain, it may be due to the fact that Likert ratings might inadvertently reflect quality and quantity ratings, whereas a summary variable such as percent or total homeworks completed reflect quantity only.
Similar(57)
Existing indicators are either quantitative when they reflect quantities, that can be actually measured on the final running system, or qualitative if they results from subjective expert judgments.
The size of the circle reflects quantity of discussions in the social sphere, and the location determines the sentiment.
This form of evaluation reflects quantity and quality of life changes as a result of the interventions in a single composite measure.
27 29 The model is based on the theory of consumer behaviour where households are assumed to choose both quantity and quality so that expenditure on a good reflects quantity, quality and price.
She adds that success rates don't necessarily reflect "the quantity of science" NIH is funding.
Food producers should label meat to reflect the quantity of antibiotics used in producing it.
The rail network density is adopted as a proxy to reflect the quantity change in rail investment.
The effective source rocks evaluated based on the recovered TOC and the latter resources could reflect the quantity of source rocks and actual resource potential of Marsel more accurately.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com