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Second, it has been proposed that distinct responses of markers to oestrogen reflect measurements of activities at different sites in the cartilage [ 33].
In this study, the Hill coefficient was set to 2 and the affinity of the forward mode of the pump to 0.246 μM to reflect measurements in rodents (69).
This approach determines topology-consistent explanation for responses of signalling nodes measured in a stimulus-response experiment and identifies the optimal subgraph of the given network topology which can best reflect measurements from a set of experimental scenarios.
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Some workers may be paid only a few cents less than the minimum and even that may just reflect measurement error rather than a real violation.
Each of them is an equally good proxy of the underlying unobservable psychometric construct; however, each of them is a noisy proxy and the dispersion across the plausible values reflect measurement error (OECD 2013; Mislevy 1993a; 1993b).
However, the large magnitude of the effect suggests that it also reflects clustering of BP measurements at the threshold entry criterion level, an effect that is likely to reflect measurement bias.
As expected for inter-related biological systems, many genes show variability in expression that do not reflect measurement error and that are consistently identified in a range of tissues and organisms [13], [14], [17].
Values reflect measurement of >100 beads for each analyte.
Therefore, variability observed on repeated assessments of the same CPG should reflect measurement error between appraisers.
The remaining variance was explained by unique environmental influences and may also partly reflect measurement error.
These small differences may thus not be clinically meaningful as it could simply reflect measurement error.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com