The NVE index (Vt/EAdi), reflects determinants of the volume generated (that is, the respiratory drive, diaphragm function, and respiratory load).
As a result, clinical trialists are challenged to design studies that reflect these determinants of outcome, to optimize the patient's eventual clinical course both in the trial and in actual practice.
The findings could, therefore, reflect differing determinants of progression depending on grade.
The association found between YKL-40 and albuminuria in both T1D and T2D could reflect common determinants, such as inflammation, or a causal link where inflammation leads to increase in YKL-40, and subsequent generalized vascular damage reflected by albuminuria.
Because G-Gap may reflect nonglycemic determinants of hemoglobin glycation, also called "glycability" (5), these results suggest that intracellular susceptibility for glycation in the glomerulus may be involved in the development of this diabetes complication.
Post-therapy pPDGFR dynamics in peripheral blood leukocytes by contrast may reflect pharmacogenomic determinants of taxane metabolism present in both normal somatic cells as well as host-derived tumour cells.
174 175 Models adjusted for potential confounders and intermediate variables underestimate associations because of over-controlling for the effect of causal intermediates; unadjusted models overestimate associations because estimates reflect other determinants of the health outcomes.
Furthermore, because regional boundaries are primarily based on geographic and political considerations and do not necessarily reflect important determinants of health, we used indicators of socioeconomic status to stratify our analyses of mortality patterns.
The negative value of the constant points to status quo bias, reflecting neglected determinants of utility that cause the alternative to be valued less highly ceteris paribus.
The observed range of a species reflects multiple determinants, including climatic tolerances, biotic interactions, equilibrium with climate and dispersal limitation.
