It was in the first place an exercise in clarifying ideas, with an eye to refining the ways in which the arts affect the passions: in other words, a refinement of complex ideas was taken to be the precondition of a refinement of practice.
Understanding the impacts that management practices have on aspects of pathogen life history such as survival, inoculum production, community structure, and propensity for resistance development will, in turn, allow for the sustainability and refinement of such practices to better manage disease.
In our study, subtle and perhaps even benign ecological factors (listed above) appear to underlie the divergent and/or alternative development of certain rehabilitated sites despite the careful implementation and refinement of rehabilitation practices.
There is no doubt that industry has facilitated the refinement of orthodontic practices and experiences with relatively recent advancements including the advent of fully customized labial and lingual systems, as well as very meaningful change in appliance aesthetics [20].
In our article (Koneswaran and Nierenberg 2008), we not only argued for refinement of agricultural practices but also for a concurrent reduction in animal product consumption in high-income nations, especially because the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization has concluded that animal agriculture accounts for more GHGs than transport (Steinfeld et al. 2006).
The development of alternative methods to the use of animals (Replacement), the design of adequate experimental protocols to reduce the number of animals (Reduction), the application of refinement practices (Refinement) are all aspects to be considered to ensure ethical and scientific validity to animal experimentation.
In Late Shang divination as practiced during the reign of Wuding (c. 1250 1192 bce), cattle scapulae or turtle plastrons, in a refinement of Neolithic practice, were first planed and bored with hollow depressions to which an intense heat source was then applied.
The key observations arising from these examinations are presented and discussed to serve as input for the development and/or refinement of design practice approaches for seismic geotechnical design.
Yet results presented here suggest that a refinement of current practice might be needed, as reduced number-sense is observed in one-third of CP patients and audit data indicate the clinical relevance.
There was substantial variation in the levels of eGFR at which U.S. primary care physicians recommended referral (ranging from eGFR of 15 to 100 mL/min/1.73m), suggesting refinement of clinical practice guidelines to clarify the indications for referral may be needed.
APHIS, with the support from the Office of the General Counsel, continuously monitors these sources of information and refinements to Apracticesctices are made accordingly.
