Apparently, further refinement of chains orientation perpendicular to film surface occurs during isothermal recrystallization at 145 or 170 °C facilitated by interaction of PVDF macromolecules with PSF/PVDF interface.
Finely refinement of the preferred orientation correction in the [004] direction led to a highly significant diminution of χ 2, and a considerable improvement in the visual quality of the fit.
Without the parallel stochastic optimization method, a refinement of a candidate orientation takes on average about 60 iterations per run.
To further improve the results, we also introduced an efficient wICP algorithm for the refinement of position and orientation of assembly components based on the initial density maps.
We estimate that the parallel stochastic refinement is on average about 20 to 40 fold faster in comparison to the independent refinement of all candidate orientations.
Finally, one of the volumes, which represented most of the class averages, was used for iterative refinement of the spatial orientations of the tilted and untilted particles by projection matching against projections of the current best map using Spider.
Slow heating of the quenched alloy (at the rate of less than 2 °C/s in the interval of the reverse α-γ transformation), which exhibits nanofragmented austenite structure formed during previous 100 γ-α-γ transformations, resulted in the nanograin refinement by multiplication of orientations in the reverted γ phase.
The resultant positions of the four quasi-equivalent CHIKV heterodimers were used as starting positions for further position and orientation refinement of individual domains.
The paper discusses some of the recent developments in simulation techniques of thermal processes such as grid refinement, grid orientation, effect of temperature on relative permeability, mathematical models, and solution methods.
In cases where hundreds or even thousands of identical copies of a macromolecule appear in a tomogram, sub-volumes containing the macromolecule can be extracted and averaged following an iterative process of orientation and positional refinement.
