Sentence examples for refinement of animal from inspiring English sources

Overall, only two universities teach the replacement, reduction and refinement of animal use (the 3Rs), animal welfare, and the ethics of using animals in research.

Dr. Vilches-Moure is a diplomate of the American College of Veterinary Pathologists, and his collaborative research interests include cardiac development and pathology, developmental pathology, and refinement of animal models in which to study early cancer detection techniques.

The implementation of preclinical imaging represents a keystone in the refinement of animal models allowing longitudinal studies and enabling a powerful, non-invasive and clinically translatable way for monitoring disease progression in real time.

Its use has represented a keystone in the refinement of animal models, allowing longitudinal studies and enabling a powerful, non-invasive and clinically translatable way for monitoring disease progression in real time.

Indeed, further refinement of animal handling protocols, implementation of new anaesthetic regimes and development in monitoring equipment are needed to maximise the potential of current preclinical imaging systems, minimising any confounding effects on the imaging outcomes and the studied biological processes.

For his Ph.D., Franco has been researching the application of the "three R's" of animal experimentation -- ethical principles first proposed in 1959 that include, where possible, "replacement" of the use of animals, "reduction" in the numbers of animals used, and "refinement" of animal husbandry and experimental procedures so that they are less painful and distressful to the animals.

Consistent with the 3R's (replacement, reduction and refinement) of animals in research, the Wyss champions technologies that one day could become alternatives to the use of animals for scientific purposes.

In addition to increased interpretability and translatability, modeling approaches can provide a strong 3R's (reduction, refinement, replacement of animal usage) benefit, as they allow for greater insight to be drawn from smaller numbers of animals and can use prediction to avoid unnecessary studies.

This shift toward more-objectively measurable phenotypes enables refinement of current animal models of PTSD, and it supports the incorporation of homologous measures across species.

We will review the technologies available, discuss their current applications and address their challenges and future implications for refinement of musculoskeletal animal models.

The monitoring of tumour growth and the formation of metastases was examined focussing on the possibility of reducing the number of animals needed for long term follow-up according to the 3R-principles (reduction, replacement and refinement of research animals) described by Russel and Burch 1959 [ 16].