At that time, he also said that the hardware was much easier than the ultimate refinement and regulatory approval of the technology.
5 Other significant challenges in many countries are systemic infrastructure issues such as contract and budget negotiation and approval, protocol amendment and refinement, and review and approval of consent forms.
All authors contributed to the refinement of the detailed trial protocol, drafting and approval of the final manuscript.
FM contributed in various ways in the work reported in this paper including; refinement of methodology, data collection, data analysis, inputs to various versions of manuscript, editing and approval of final version.
All authors contributed to the design of the study, obtaining funding, the refinement of the protocol for ethical approval, the drafting of the manuscript and the reading and approval of the final version.
ENM contributed in various ways in the work reported in this paper including; refinement of research problem and methodology, development of tools, data analysis, inputs to various versions of manuscript, editing and approval of final version.
DW contributed in various ways in the work reported in this paper including; supervision, refinement of research problem, methodology, study tools; guidance in data analysis; inputs to various versions of manuscript, editing and approval of final version.
Opportunities for reduction, refinement and replacement of animal experiments are constantly monitored, and new protocols are implemented following approval by the Imperial College London Ethical Review Committee.
With institutional ethics committee approval (UQ AEC protocol 675/05), 21 anaesthetised, mechanically ventilated male Sprague Dawley rats (573 ± 96 g) were studied during refinement and study of an endotoxic shock model.
Focused refinement and resolution estimation.
