The questionnaires were developed by Ronald Ferguson, a Harvard researcher who has been refining student surveys for more than a decade.
"Asking a student to share their reasoning with the entire class" allows the instructor to "modify or refine" student thinking in their own explanation to the students to ensure that "all students are exposed to a good example of reasoning".
Among other things, he said, the state is taking several years to develop and refine student tests linked to the new standards and will not use the results to evaluate school and staff performance until 2017-18.
As well as allowing young people to build contacts, vocational courses help to refine students' career goals, says Gemma Macken, who is studying mental health nursing.
Instead of minimizing students' reliance on perceptual strategies (Kirshner, 1989; Kirshner & Awtry, 2004), education should aim to refine students' use of perception and action, so that they rig up their perception and action systems like mathematical experts.
Rather than encouraging us to "challenge and replace," current theories on how people learn guide us to design learning activities that "identify and refine" students' naïve ideas.
Two members of our research team came up with initial rubrics for grading the pre- and post-tests, which were then iteratively refined based on student responses.
Then we propose a model that formally describes ID for CSCL as HTN planning, where the initial CSCL scenario is adapted and refined according to student needs.
Pilates, formerly Contrology, exercise discipline created by German American gymnast, bodybuilder, and entrepreneur Joseph H. Pilates in the mid-20th century and refined by his students and disciples.
Manougian and his team of seven students refined their designs and rocket launches grew more ambitious.
