It relies on the long-established international principle of "the 3Rs": replace animal tests with other studies wherever possible, reduce the number of animals involved, and refine procedures to minimize suffering.
Whilst the toxicology studies continue to be required for regulatory submissions, there are opportunities to both reduce the number of animals and refine procedures used within the studies, by implementation of best practice study designs and processes identified by NC3Rs-industry data sharing projects.
One of the objectives was to refine procedures.
In this study, the children responded to the PAB-S's initial version (39 items), however, both the initial and refined (with 25 items) versions were used according to the refining procedures described in the previous studies.
Furthermore, it presents the refining procedures and initial evidence of validity based on the instrument's internal structure.
With round-the-clock shifts, this would have involved streamlining every launch process – from rewriting software and refining procedures to training the rescue crew.
As a result, this initial step often creates many more communities than the optimal number, although later refining procedures may reduce the number of communities.
The application of melt and refining procedures has demonstrated great potential to solve the fuel integrity problem in the high-burnup condition of CANDLE reactors.
However, with as much capability as we've packed into ZANO, we are continuing to refine the flight, avoidance, video and photo capturing and user interface, plus we have relentless testing and refining procedures prior to us releasing ZANO to the market.
However, if the melt and refining procedures are applied during operation, the reactor might lose all the nuclide distribution in the fuel pins and CANDLE burning becomes impossible to achieve.
Joinmap software calculates consensus map by a regression algorithm only, while Carthagene allows one to work with the maximum likelihood even for integrated datasets, coupled with effective marker order refining procedures.
