Concepts (or attempts at concepts) that group their purported referents according to non-essential or inconsistent characteristics, or otherwise embody mistaken presuppositions such as "extremism," which implicitly treats any consistent or thoroughgoing conviction as bad, regardless of its content are invalid and cannot be rationally used.
Sentences, too, had both referents and senses, according to Frege.
The figure shows the survival curve of the referents and patients according to these three groups.
For each index patient, we identified up to three randomly assessed, matched referents with RA (according to our definition above) who were alive and unexposed to TNFi at the time point for the start of TNFi for the index patient and who did not have a previous diagnosis of ischaemic or congestive heart disease.
Thirty-two mechanically ventilated patients were included within 48 h following onset of septic shock and ARDS, defined according to referent recommendations [ 18, 19].
Using the assigned ICD10 (Norway) and ICD-O-3 (United States) codes, referent cancers were grouped according to the SEER 9 Site Recode variable (Site Recode ICD-O-3 (1/27/2003); http://seer.cancer.gov/siterecode/index.html).html
For each city, the C&RT algorithm partitioned the 63 Day-Types (all but the withheld referent group) into terminal nodes according to their association with the outcome.
Five (45.4%) of the 11 referents from the SINP centers, according to these data, rated both CGs as "not recommended" (NR).
In particular, our analyses showed that some variables related to single SINP Centers (see the wide range of values reported in Table 3 for the variables "First, Control and Total, Ambulatory visits in 2012", and "Years of the clinical practice"), can significantly vary according to the referents' clinical profile, and to the characteristics of their clinical centers (Table 3).
On the standard view, the content of a token indexical concept is constituted by or essentially tied to the actual referent, much as the content of the concept water is constituted by or essentially tied to the actual referent in the environment (at least according to content-externalism about natural-kind concepts).
According to the case-referent study conducted by Newton et al in Uganda, with a referent group of cancers not related to an infectious etiology, being HIV-infected was only associated with a slight risk of HCC (OR 1.2 95%% CI 0.3 4.2)) [23].
