His repeated references to fairness and the middle class initially reminded me of Bill Clinton's early speeches, but they went back further than that.
Equity refers to fairness.
Such relabeling would not change anything, for we would still have to distinguish between those cases in which B is harmed relative to both the fairness baseline and the no-transaction baseline and those cases where B is harmed only by reference to the fairness baseline but not by reference to the no-transaction baseline.
Back in London, there have been anguished protests from authors, with many a reference to hope, fairness, decency, to the reading of books as a general force for good.
If we evaluate a transaction by reference to a fairness baseline as contrasted with a no-transaction baseline, then B is harmed when she pays $30 for a shovel by comparison with the fairness baseline (say, where B pays $15 for a shovel) even if B gains by comparison with the no-transaction baseline.
"I don't like this idea that privacy violations can be justified by reference to some notion of fairness, the ubiquitous 'level playing field'," he argued.
In this article, we proposed a MAC algorithm based on a feedback control approach, called FC-MAC, where each node uses the waiting time as a target reference to gain channel access fairness.
The court also referred to a judgment of Justice McHugh of the High Court, in which he said that although there is some discretion as to whether evidence obtained where an interviewee does not have access to legal advice should be admitted or not, judges are not free to make the decision "by reference to general notions of fairness".
We have here defended the existence of a broad obligation to participate in research with reference to its basis in fairness and the duty of rescue, without exploring the content of the obligation in any great detail.
Fairness is determined by reference to whether arms' length bargaining occurred, something that appeared to happen here.
