Observer differences can easily occur as illustrated in this study and our reference illustrations of the scoring system might improve observer agreement between observers and centres.
None of the reference illustrations was included in the radiographs from set 2. The reference images were not developed by the observers although observer 1 checked the quality of the reference illustrations before they were used in the study.
Between-observer agreement improved for hyperinflation when reference illustrations were used and correlations with lung function improved for the modified Chrispin-Norman score.
Physiotherapists will be also be provided with written definitions and quick reference illustrations of standardised operating procedures for each clinical examination used in the study.
The aim of our study was to determine the reproducibility of the modified Chrispin-Norman score including its components and to test whether a consensus meeting or reference illustrations could improve observer agreement.
After the second round a set of reference illustrations was developed for each scoring system item (Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) by relating HRCT findings to chest radiograph findings for individuals in our cohort who had an HRCT and chest radiograph within one month.
Clicking on Human Genetics, for example, takes visitors to a lengthy menu of team links, each of which leads to information on what that team is working on, along with relevant references and illustrations.
(I use this reference as an illustration of the financial risks, by the way, not as an inference that Westminster is likely to "game" homelessness applications): "There will be a glut of homelessness applications from January 2012, says the report, requiring the provision of temporary accomodation for up to 300 households in the borough next year.
Table 1 only gives reference values for illustration purposes, and in practice, this table may be modified based on operation situations and historical statistics analysis.
More interesting is how Ms. Brown has taken hold of a cache of references, from commercial illustration to French erotic cinema, and spun it into a deadpan, streamlined narrative about women, friendship and patronage.
The subject's themselves reference Enlightenment era illustrations and Romantic landscape paintings.
