A reference efficiency of the energy caption, storage and conversion has considered about 50%%.
The detector efficiency especial effects only by the reference efficiency value as it increases, as the detector efficiency increase.
The experimental full-energy peak efficiency (FEPE) values of P4D1 and P4D2 are listed in Table 4 as a reference efficiency.
The calculated FEPE of P5 up to P10 was obtained by multiplying the reference efficiency at P4 by the average value (conversion ratio) of the effective solid angle ratio for each position in Table 5.
As a final design, Mo/W lines were only applied onto the counter-electrode and protected with an indium-tin oxide layer; the resulting device showed a power conversion efficiency of 3.43%, compared with the reference efficiency of 2.38%.
Thus, for any point source at position, P, the efficiency can be expressed as a function of the reference efficiency at the same energy, E, [11]: ε E, P = ε E, P o Ω eff ( E, P ) Ω eff ( E, P o ) (2).
The proposed research also highlights how optimized CHP plants can be characterized by reasonable levels of energetic and economic sensitivity to changes in the following variable quantities: selling price of electricity, reference efficiency of the Italian thermoelectric generation and selling price of the energy efficiency certificates recognized by the Italian legislation.
When the target efficiency and reference efficiency are comparable (within about 10% of each other [ 154], see above) they can be assumed to be equal, and the initial copy number ratio ƒi = N0 i /N0 ref = K i 2-ΔCt.
For each matrix and DNA extraction method, two ISO validation metrics (average percent bias - B - and percent repeatability standard deviation - RSD r) were calculated and, together with PCR amplification efficiency rates (E 1 - reference gene efficiency and E 2 - target gene efficiency), combined into a modular, synthetic fuzzy-based indicator.
Reference FRET efficiencies and corresponding calculated distances in Å are included in Table 1 [17].
The method requires the target and reference PCR efficiencies to be nearly to equal.
