refer with

USAGE SUMMARY

'refer with' is not a correct phrase in written English.
The phrase you are looking for is 'refer to'. You can use this phrase when you need to mention something that has already been said. For example, "As previously mentioned, please refer to the customer satisfaction survey before making any changes."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

News & Media

Science

Academia

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

36 human-written examples

First, the step leading from [2] to [3] relies on the assumption that a name fails to refer with respect to a possible world at which its actual-world referent does not exist.

SEP

The left continues to refer with relish to the death of capitalism.

The Guardian

"I refer with confidence to the actions of institutions and support their efforts," he said.

The New York Times

Fontane's plots refer with striking frequency to cemeteries, graves, burials, funerals — even ghosts.

The New Yorker

He even managed to refer, with apparent pride, to "this democracy of ours, which was hard gained".

The New Yorker

Wanting to stay small, the company rewards fans that refer a friend, and the friend they refer, with a gift.

The Guardian

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

24 human-written examples

Polymorphisms are referred with respect to the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS [36]).

Plosone

Of those, 68% were referred with molar pregnancy and 32% were referred with PMGTN.

Stanford University

Comparing women with PMGTN who were referred with a molar pregnancy versus referred with PMGTN, the women were of equivalent stage and World Health Organization (WHO) score.

Stanford University

Women of all race/ethnic backgrounds referred with HSIL were seen within 60 days in a significantly larger proportion than women referred with ASCUS/LSIL.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Patients referred with the diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma had CA 125 levels determined before surgical staging.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

Always use "refer to" when you mean to direct attention to something else. For example, "Please "refer to" the appendix for more details".

Common error

Avoid using "refer with". The correct and widely accepted phrase is "refer to". Using "refer with" may confuse readers and weaken your writing.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "refer with" is intended to function as a verb phrase used to indicate a connection or reference. However, it is grammatically incorrect and should be replaced with the correct idiomatic form, "refer to". Ludwig AI identifies this issue and suggests using "refer to" instead.

Expression frequency: Uncommon

Frequent in

News & Media

28%

Science

36%

Academia

20%

Less common in

Formal & Business

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "refer with" is grammatically incorrect and should be avoided in formal writing. The correct alternative is "refer to". Although Ludwig identifies some instances of "refer with" in various sources, these are outweighed by the fact that it is not standard English. Pay close attention to using the proper preposition to ensure clarity and credibility in your writing. Remember that, as highlighted by Ludwig AI, using "refer to" is the accepted standard.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

refer to

Replaces 'with' with 'to' to create the correct idiomatic expression for making a reference.

mention with

Substitutes 'refer' with 'mention' to emphasize a brief or casual reference.

connect with

Replaces 'refer' with 'connect' to highlight a relationship or association.

associate with

Similar to 'connect with', but implies a more inherent or established link.

relate to

Highlights the relationship between subjects being talked about.

allude to

Suggests an indirect or subtle reference.

cite

Replaces 'refer with' with a single word denoting a formal reference or quotation.

point to

Implies a direct indication or suggestion.

link with

highlights the connection between distinct items

correlate with

Highlights the statistical relation.

FAQs

What is the correct phrase, "refer with" or "refer to"?

The correct and idiomatic phrase is "refer to". "Refer with" is grammatically incorrect and not commonly used.

When should I use "refer to" in my writing?

Use "refer to" when you want to direct the reader's attention to something else, such as a document, source, or piece of information. For instance, "Please "refer to" the guidelines for more information."

What does it mean to "refer to" something?

To "refer to" something means to mention or allude to it, or to direct someone's attention to it for information or clarification. It implies that the thing being "referred to" contains relevant details or context.

Are there any situations where "refer with" might be acceptable?

No, the phrase "refer with" is generally considered ungrammatical in standard English. Always use "refer to" instead.