Sentence examples for refer to effects from inspiring English sources
'Immediate effects' refer to effects 'which are observed during the period of the release of the GMO.
The random error term (ϵ sj ) could refer to effects of unobserved attributes; imperfect information on alternative products available; measurement error; misspecification of the utility function; heterogeneity in preferences or simply random behaviour [6].
In a broad sense, this question can refer to effects of the mere presence of other larvae on the behaviour of a target individual.
The U.S. EPA considers "low-dose" effects of environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals to refer to effects being reported for chemicals at doses lower than those used in traditional toxicologic studies conducted for risk assessment purposes.
In the literature 'cost of resistance' has been used to refer to effects on individual traits such as growth rate or yield (typically estimated experimentally by doubling time during exponential growth and population size at stationary phase, respectively).
While some of these mechanisms refer to effects in the vicinity of the stimulating electrode, other effects are mediated by projection neurons (McIntyre et al. 2004a, b): For instance, both depolarization blockade and synaptic inhibition are possible mechanisms underlying the suppression of the somatic firing throughout the target nucleus.
"Activational" refers to effects resulting from adult exposure, and they are generally considered to be reversible.
The designation of conditions as induced or repressed refers to effects on alcA and aldA.
The EMMIE acronym refers to: Effect size (how effective is the intervention?).
Throughout the following manuscript, we will use the term SMD when referring to effect sizes of individual studies.
Values of 0.20, 0.50, and 0.80 indicate small, moderate, and large effects, respectively [ 11]. d a refers to effect sizes regarding the high- and moderate-scoring groups, whereas d b refers to effect sizes regarding the high- and low-scoring groups.
