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Our study shows that redundancy, typically perceived as a ubiquitous robustness-enhancing strategy in nature, can either improve or undermine robustness depending on the magnitude of the perturbations.
Such redundancy typically leads to inconsistency (e.g. two different addresses recorded for the same farm) and to update problems (e.g. if the street name of a farm is changed).
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These redundancies typically result in wasteful sequencing of multiple identical short reads derived from the ends of identical amplicons.
To address such faults, sensor hardware redundancy is typically combined with a voting system to detect and discard erroneous measurements.
As far as the primary advantage of the post-tensioned glass beam concept is to provide an initial state of compressive stresses in glass, a marked enhancement of the expected structural performance is expected (i.e. increase of the initial fracture load and redundancy), compared to typically brittle, unreinforced laminated glass beams.
They typically exhibit redundancy to improve sparsity in the transformed domain and sometimes its invariance with respect to simple geometric deformations (translation, rotation).
However, pairs of LFP channels tend to be more correlated than SUA or MUA channels [38] which means that increasing the number of LFP channels typically increases redundancy.
The problem in establishing how much the entropy information actually did contribute to the editor's decision is the inherent redundancy of language itself, typically ∼50 75% in modern printed English [10].
But there will also be an effort to sort out redundancies, a process that typically involves a reduction in employee count.
By creating redundancies in personnel, mergers typically result in layoffs.
It is fixed according to the number of redundancy bits in the prolog (typically 6 bits).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com