Phytoestrogen α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) is a reductive product of the Gibberella zeae metabolite and abundant in plants and vegetables, which has been shown to protect cell injury with low side-effects on uterine and breast.
In some cases, C-terminal reductase domains are found in place of TEI, and their role in reductive product release was shown or hypothesized (Gomez-Escribano et al. 2012 and references therein).
Recently, α-zearalanol (α-ZAL), a plant-derived phytoestrogen, has been proposed as a potential replacement for estrogen [ 15]. α-ZAL is a reductive product of the fungus Gibberella zeae (fusarium roseum graminearum) metabolite zearalenone, which was isolated from culture medium of zearalenone and belongs to the β-resorcylate family [ 16].
Cold stress, salinity and drought, combined with high light conditions, result in enhanced production of ROS by the photosynthetic apparatus because these conditions limit the availability of CO2 for the dark reaction, leaving oxygen as one of the main reductive products of photosynthesis [ 100].
Although, many reports are available for dye decolorization and degradation by bacteria, the reductive products of dye degradation are generally aromatic amines which are potentially hazardous to living organisms [ 8, 9] and due to larger size of dyes, bacteria are unable to degrade these dyes efficiently.
SAF can be considered as the reductive decomposition product of JGB that is formed at the copper/electrolyte interface upon electroplating.
Finally, the dichloroethane reductive dechlorination product DDD was detected in Clear Lake, California, ecosystems 7 years after DDD use was discontinued.
As an aside to these collected cyclization efforts, we had noted that reactions of certain substrates (e.g. 3 l) to give seven-membered ring products led to the formation of varying amounts of a byproduct featuring components of neither the boronate or stannane coupling partner, nor the characteristic alkene protons of the reductive cyclization product (5).
Microcosm experiments conducted under Fe(III -reducing condIII -reducingaterial from the Fe(III)-reduconditionsrinated-ethene contaminated aquifer demonstrated significant oxidation of [1,2-14C] vinyl chloride to 14CO2 with no detectable production of ethene or other reductive dehalogenation products.
The majority of this was accounted for in the observed reductive dechlorination products; 2,2′,4′,5 tetrachlorobiphenyl (48-CB), 2,2′,3,5′ tetrachlorobiphenyl (44-C), and 2,2′,3,4 tetrachlorobiphenyl (42-CB).
Fig. 1 Structures of the reactions' products 7. Two distinct reduction peaks (Ic and IIc) were observed for the electroreduction of azo dyes 7a, the first one Ic at 0.0046 mv due to the cleavage of the azo group, –N=N– to give the reductive amines products I and II (Scheme 2).
