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We concluded that the reduction in specificity after amplification resulted in high non-specific signal intensities across the array, which masked detection of low abundance miRNAs.
Here we describe the development of a macroarray diagnostic technique with enhanced detection sensitivity and only small reduction in specificity.
In general, the addition of caudate data to semi-quantitative calculations caused a slight increase in sensitivity and slight reduction in specificity with little effect on accuracy, other than for methods based on ROC curve calculations, which saw a drop in performance.
HMMSplicer identifies more splice junctions than currently available algorithms when tested on publicly available A. thaliana, P. falciparum, and H. sapiens datasets without a reduction in specificity.
However, while unions of computational approaches may achieve a higher level of sensitivity than the individual approaches, this gain comes at the cost of a reduction in specificity.
While using more motifs increases the possibility of false positives (i.e. a reduction in specificity), since it becomes more likely for any sequence to contain an occurrence of any predictive motif by chance, the sensitivity of the predictor improves (data not shown).
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Specificity was unchanged in men and only slightly lower in women suggesting that noticeable improvements in diagnostic sensitivity will not be offset by reductions in specificity.
Higher sensitivity was also achieved for ethambutol (28%), streptomycin (7.1%) and kanamycin (33.1%) but with reductions in specificity (-7.5%, -9.1% and -5.1%, respectively).
When the true prevalence of exposure is low (e.g., less than 10%) small reductions in specificity cause substantial reductions in the risk estimates, whereas reductions in sensitivity have smaller effects.
Including views of the patello-femoral joint improved the sensitivity of predicting knee pain from 38%to62%2% in one study [ 8], and by 10%to50%0% in another [ 20], but with corresponding reductions in specificity.
But with our ROC curves, improvements in sensitivity implied big reductions in specificity, and the overall efficacy was quite better using Youden's index to select the cutoff points (Tables 5 and 6).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com