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In vivo physiology confirms the reduction in indirect pathway inhibitory transmission to the VP, and inhibition of indirect pathway terminals to VP is sufficient to enhance motivation.
Researchers find that increases in the minimum wage reduce employee turnover, translating into a reduction in direct costs (recruitment, selection, and training of new workers) and a reduction in indirect costs (lost sales, lower quality service, and lost productivity as the new workers learn on the job).
This includes a 20% reduction in indirect manufacturing costs by the end of the year," Capellas wrote in the memo.
Savings are also greater in patients under 65 than in those 65 and over, due to the greater reduction in indirect costs.
Greater uncertainty surrounds the reduction in indirect costs after TKA.
Here psychiatric comorbidity at T0 was associated with a reduction in indirect costs (−1,248 Euro).
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The tool predicted the level of performance improvements required in iPSC expansion and differentiation as well as reductions in indirect costs and media costs so as to achieve an acceptable cost of goods (COG).
These reductions in indirect costs are consistent with other pharmacoeconomic studies of pregabalin versus usual care in patients with NeP conditions that have also suggested that improvements in productivity contribute to the economic benefits of pregabalin.
20 Therefore part of the reason for the decline in MMR in Malawi after 2003 may have been the successful scaling-up of the ART programme and a consequent reduction in direct and indirect maternal deaths related to HIV and AIDS.
The supply facilitation through Sanitation Marketing (SanMark), masons training facilitated both the accessibility to materials and services and slight reduction in costs (indirect mostly).
As UFT adjuvant therapy increased OS and decreased recurrence, their cost reduction in both indirect costs and direct costs will offset the costs corresponding to a treatment period.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com