This pattern raises the possibility of a correlated reduction in functional constraint across these 3 translational components.
A higher dN/ dS ratio in the NS gene may reflect a greater degree of positive selection resulting from the co-evolutionary battle between the virus and host immunity, but could equally well be explained by a reduction in selective constraint on that gene.
Results indicate a significant reduction in the constraint-strain of the asphalt concrete overlay and base layer of the three-layer structure.
New shorter fractionation schemes allow a reduction in the constraints of daily treatment courses over several weeks, and recent technical improvements in treatment delivery will improve cancer outcomes in terms of local control, decreased toxicity and long-term sequelae.
These theoretical analyses conclude that an inequitable spatial distribution of economic activities, exacerbated by a reduction in mobility constraints, could coincide with economic benefits for the country as a whole with positive effects for even peripheral regions given localized technological externalities or knowledge transfer.
These results could not be explained by a relaxation in purifying selection (i.e. by a reduction in functional constraints) and pointed towards the action of positive selection in human RPS4Y2 reinforcing the former PAML analyses.
This may be due to the fact that many of the households enrolling in the scheme do not see distance as a barrier to accessing facility care, where the benefit added through a reduction in financial constraints outweighs the residual problem of distance to care.
However, we did not observe any reduction in the selective constraint levels among vertebrate genes (the ω values do not differ significantly between the IT pathway genes of vertebrates and Drosophila; paired t-test, P = 0.999 for data set 2).
Conditional on the rest of covariates, a one standard deviation reduction in the financial constraints faced by local firms (meaning that the percentage of financially constrained firms is reduced in 19.6 % points) is associated to a 3.5%% points decrease in the share of labor allocated to small firms.
The activity-dependent reduction of GABAAR number at inhibitory synapses is due to a reduction in receptor diffusion constraints (Bannai et al., 2009, Bouthour et al., 2012, Muir et al., 2010).
