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Divergence angles as small as 2.4° are obtained, representing a reduction in beam spread by a factor of 25 compared with the original 9.9-µm-wavelength laser used.
Gamma-ray generation with no reduction in beam lifetime was confirmed by these tests.
Using plasma-enhanced ALD of platinum for the first time in a thermal accelerometer enables a 100x reduction in beam cross-section compared to previous work.
The four point bending experiment indicated that the tapered FRP strip end design augmented significantly the ultimate load and mitigated the reduction in beam deflection corresponding to the ultimate load, compared to the beams bonded with constant thickness FRP strips.
The percentage of reinforcement area lost due to corrosion has a disproportionate impact on the percentage reduction in beam capacity, however these results are a function of the testing parameters and may not be applicable to structures in the field.
They concluded that the reduction in beam's capacity ranged from 6 to 8%% depending on the opening dimensions, the depth of the opening should not exceed 20%% of the beam overall depth (0.2d) and the reinforcement distribution should be in the range of 0.1 0.2H for simply supported deep beams.
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It is obvious that shear wall moment of inertia, I, is higher than that of the beam which subsequently leads to reduction in the beam ability to control rotations caused by deformation of the cantilever beam at the floor level.
Due to sudden changes presented in the cross section of the beam, the opening edges are, for the most part, subjected to high stress concentrations, which inadvertently leads to induced transverse cracks in the beam; resulting in a significant reduction in the beam shear capacity and stiffness (Mansur 1998; Mansur et al. 1999; Yang et al. 2006).
Area losses in the steel beam cross-section due to this deterioration result in an overall reduction in the beam's flexural capacity.
Modeling a 3-dimensional (3-D) elliptical beam with a 212-D particle-in-cell (PIC) code requires a reduction in the beam parameters.
It is found that a step variation in foundation properties leads to a reduction in the beam displacement and an increase in the resonance frequency for increasing step change, with the reverse occurring for decreasing step change.
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