In the axillary lymph node dissection groups (SLNB + CLND and ALND), the postoperative reduction in abduction and flexion strength was larger than that in the SLNB group.
Using a multivariate regression, we found that increasing stiffness was the main factor for the reduction of flexion and extension motions.
Arthrofibrosis is defined as the development of excessive fibrotic tissue within a joint that leads to contracture and reduction in knee flexion, extension, and patellar mobility (Shelbourne et al. 1996; Murakami et al. 1997).
However the acute LBP group demonstrated a significant correlation for pain reduction and negative velocity change for flexion (r = 0.53; p = 0.04) and left side bending (LSF) (r = 0.54; p = 0.05) as well as positive acceleration for LSF (r = −0.77; p > 0.001).
If a pivot shift is present, the examiner should feel an anterior subluxation of the knee during extension and a glide, clunk, or gross reduction during flexion, corresponding to grades I, II, or III, respectively [ 21, 22].
The prototype of this dynamic implant has already been biomechanically tested and compared with other dynamic devices and a rigid one; no significant ROM reduction (extension, flexion, lateral bending) was detected.
Additionally, there was a clear correlation between a subject's thigh and calf circumference and the force reduction at maximal flexion due to thigh calf contact (R=0.89).
e Good healing of the osteotomy with complete refilling of the dorsal gap at 3 months after surgery Open image in new window Fig. 2 Case 2. a Range of motion evaluation before surgery with significant reduction of flexion.
Although this increase was statistically significant, the effects due to this 1.5° reduction of flexion angle on the relative position of the measuring points were considered negligible.
In the current study, the reduction in flexion reflex excitability following aspiration alone is a novel finding, suggesting that joint effusion may enhance flexion reflex excitability as well as increasing the excitability of other spinal reflex inhibitory pathways such as group I non-reciprocal (Ib) inhibition [ 4].
