But we argue that neither of these explorations is appropriate when it involves reducing the preferences of a person, or group of persons, to a set of predictive or predictor variables, since this undermines the fundamental personhood of the preference-bearer [50].
Resistance is any plant trait that reduces the preference or performance of herbivores (e.g. thorns, hairs, unpalatable secondary chemicals) [54].
Our speculation is that the high brand equity products decrease cessation because antismoking efforts need to both reduce the preference for the category while simultaneously disrupting the relationship between the brand and the consumer.
It reduced the preference for mandated choice option to 5 [3, 8] (p <0.001), for donor-or-surrogate informed consent to 5 [3,7] (p = 0.004), but not for donor-only informed consent (to 5 [3, 7], p = 0.56).
The less preferred (flavoured) food consisted of the same composition of wet feed with the addition of orange oil (1 drop/10 g wet food); orange oil has previously been shown to reduce the preference of chickens for a standard diet, although it is not highly aversive (Dixon, Green, & Nicol, 2006; Jones, 1987).
The addition of a financial incentive reduced the preference for mandated choice option from 3 [2,6] to 7 [4,9] (p <0.001), for donor-or-surrogate informed consent from 4 [2,7] to 7 [5,9] (p <0.001), and for donor-only informed consent from 5 [3,7] to 8 [6,10] (p <0.001).
And we found that YL-IPA08 caused significant suppression of inhibiting of locomotor activity, reducing the sucrose preference and increasing the latency to eat induced by CUS.
And reducing the tax preferences for pass-through businesses, which now account for more than 70 percent of business income, would increase their cost of capital and discourage their investment.
AR blockade, however, seemed to induce a preference for male odors rather than reduce the existing preference for estrous odors, suggesting a complicated regulation of sexual odor preference by sex steroids.
