Every increase in the property tax rates on structures (not land) reduces the desirability of putting capital funds into new buildings, creates an incentive against upgrading quality by new construction, and discourages maintenance.
As a matter of fact, it's counter-productive because more military muscle show over here will reduce the desirability for the Chinese side to be co-operative, because it is a kind of warmongering at China's doorstep," he adds.
It also suggests that vignettes may be a valuable method for reducing the social desirability biases associated with self-reporting in HIV and reproductive health research.
To reduce the social desirability bias, respondents' names were kept anonymous and confidentiality was maintained.
[ 30, 39- 43] Furthermore, the visual anonymity provided by online focus groups may reduce the social desirability bias, allowing participants to feel more comfortable to voice their viewpoints.
Therefore, the researchers decided to measure intentions as intended duration of exclusive breastfeeding in weeks to reduce the social desirability effect.
We chose this modality because there is some suggestion that web-based data collection can reduce the social desirability pressures of responding to sensitive questions [ 34, 35].
To reduce the social desirability effect, the questions of the DAMS are framed in a non-judgemental way to assure the patients that non-adherence is common and many patients miss doses at times.
We suggest that in the ACDIS population, the long-established pattern of high rates of non-marriage reduces the social desirability to over-report marriage and by extension, widowhood.
