Amazingly, we found that the common clones from 1994 had been dramatically reduced in frequency, and that they were also more susceptible to infection.
When the star is wobbling away from Earth its light is stretched out and reduced in frequency; when it moves toward us, the light is bunched up and its frequency increases.
During operation of the Soultz power plant, occurrence of induced seismicity was reduced in frequency and magnitude by distributing the injected volume over different injection points and limiting the overall flow rate (Cuenot et al. 2011).
When the frequency-domain version of the least-mean-square algorithm is used for the adaptive filter, this limiting can be done directly in the frequency domain, allowing the adaptive filter response to be reduced in frequency regions of constraint violation, with minimal effect at other frequencies.
A year later the second of the new services, circular route 23/25, was reduced in frequency from hourly to two-hourly, although much of the route was covered by extending another route.
All responses were reduced in frequency in LMP7−/− mice relative to wild type responses.
Consistent with this observation, NKT lymphocytes were neither depleted nor reduced in frequency in naturally SIV-infected sooty mangabeys and appeared to be functionally intact.
Lastly, if a change in PNG2 alleles impacts on fitness under laboratory culture conditions, some newly generated alleles might have been reduced in frequency by competition with cells that retained the original allele.
At the time of sampling for gene expression analysis, mice in both groups had similar parasitemias, mean body weight, and frequencies of T cells (CD3+), B cells (B220+) and NK cells (NK1.1+), whereas CD11b+ cells were slightly reduced in frequency in the blood of mice treated with oAC (data not shown).
