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So there are direct impacts at an individual level, at the family level, at the community level which all contribute to costs and reduced productivity for the country as a whole.
Based on an analysis by Peakon of more than 15,000 employees across the U.S., the UK, the Nordic countries (Sweden, Norway, Finland, Denmark, Iceland) and Germany, 7-10% of people reported reduced productivity for the entire month of December, with 30-40% reporting a fall in productivity by mid-December.
Common proxies are lost time and reduced productivity, for which well-validated instruments exist [19, 20].
This marks a new era that will forever change the franchise responsible for sleep deprivation and reduced productivity for nearly two decades".
Reduced productivity for those not in the workforce is included in our estimate of the national burden.
Increasing the distance between seed source and planting site significantly reduced productivity for both upslope and downslope transplantation, demonstrating the existence of a significant home-site advantage.
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These factors alone can reduce productivity for weeks or months, and can impact product quality, customer-service, and company image.
Sickness presenteeism may have implications for both the employer in terms of reduced productivity and for the employee in terms of increased strain and, therefore, risks the need for extension of time to recovery.
The consequences can be severe and include exhaustion, reduced productivity, decreased empathy for patients, absenteeism and desire to search out other occupations [ 20, 21].
Indirect costs for false-negative results (absenteeism, reduced productivity at work and for those who did not work) were derived from the American Diabetes Association 2007 economic assessment and were attributed only to those with diabetes or whose prediabetes progressed to diabetes during the 3 years (14).
Migraine is a common condition, whose impact is relevant on individuals, in terms of personal suffering and reduced health, and on societies, in terms of reduced productivity and increased costs for the health system[7, 8, 12].
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