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Capacity utilization had strong negative results generally attributed to unused or reduced firm production capacity which is mainly due to low level of domestic competitiveness and/or labor-intensive foreign direct investments with few high-tech firms.
This evidence redirects attention from financial to non-financial barriers by considering traditional demand, market structure and regulation factors involved in reduced firm innovation performance.
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Near double-digit inflation has been eating into people's real purchasing power and reduced firms' appetite to step up investment.
We also find some evidence suggesting that the reform reduced firms' entry rates and employment adjustments, but had no effect on exit rates.
Not captured in that statistic are the workers who faced across the board salary freezes or cuts in order to reduce firm layoffs.
Equityholders' decisions exhibit excessive continuation and reduce firm's value.
These policies would reduce firm 2's sales and the level of s.
They find that chômage partiel tends to increase layoffs and reduce firm survival.
Our results suggest that the effort-risk tradeoff is mitigated at low budget levels, thereby increasing firm welfare, but is exacerbated at high budget levels, reducing firm welfare.
Our results suggest that evidence that exposure reduces firm value can be viewed, in part, as a wealth transfer from shareholders and debt-holders to managers.
However, we find that family CEOs reduce firm value, indicating higher potential expropriation of minority shareholders or possible lower competency of family CEOs relative to professionals.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com