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10, 11 A recent meta-analysis among elderly persons living in the community reported significantly reduced fall rate (rate ratio =0.71) and risk of falling (relative risk =0.85) after physical multicomponent group exercise.
Previous studies have shown that exercise can change postural control functioning in older adults, which leads to a reduced fall risk and better maintenance of upright stances [31 34].
This intervention was completed after the first month and reduced fall incidence for the intervention group in the second and third month of follow-up [10].
Global linear time effects showed improved gait (P<0.05), functional fitness (P<0.05), and reduced fall frequency (−77%, P<0.001).
Active forms of vitamin D reduced fall risk by 22% (pooled RR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.94).
8– 10 While initial success has been documented, maintaining reduced fall rates over time remains a struggle.
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They concluded that interventions aimed at the population rather than individuals reduced fall-related injuries, with relative reductions ranging from 6%to33%3%, suggesting that interventions that are not tailored to the individual can be effective.
Further research is needed to determine the dose-response relationship of exercise and reduced falls.
An increase in omission errors was also associated with falls (p < 0.01) and reduced falls efficacy (p < 0.05).
Patient and staff education delivered by trained educators significantly reduced falls and injurious falls in an older rehabilitation population.
Fall prevention interventions have been shown not only to reduce certain risk factors for falling, but also have successfully reduced falls [ 2].
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