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In this context, our findings suggest that reduced ASS expression predicts unfavorable tumor behaviours, while in ASS-deficient PANC-1 cells, ADI enhances their chemosensitivity to GEM-induced apoptosis.
Reduced ASS expression correlated with lymph node metastasis, and local invasion in patients with pancreatic cancer (Table 1).
As shown in Figure 4A, transfection with ASS siRNA reduced ASS mRNA levels by ∼90% after 72 h incubation.
A recent study demonstrated that several pancreatic cancer cells exhibit reduced ASS expression, and the growth of these cells in vitro and in vivo is inhibited via arginine elimination using a polyethylene glycol-modified ADI (PEG-ADI) [ 15].
Here, we found that the majority of human pancreatic cancer specimens have a low expression of ASS, and reduced ASS expression was associated with unfavorable histopathological characteristics of pancreatic cancer.
In this report, we show that reduced ASS expression is correlated with unfavorable tumor behaviors in patients with pancreatic cancer, and arginine deprivation by ADI can effectively induce programmed cell death in PANC-1 cells with undetectable ASS expression, and also sensitize pancreatic cancer cells to GEM, a first-line chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer.
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Goat numbers were slightly reduced, while asses and horses have always played a limited role in the countryside.
The subject was later brought up again at the 2011 PAX East convention, in which an all-female journal panel led by The Escapists Susan Arendt agreed that while the character was strong and difficult but rewarding to master in the original Soulcalibur, she was reduced to "a nice ass bouncing around the room" in later games.
According to the Guardian, German chancellor and notorious hard-ass Angela Merkel reduced a Palestinian refugee to tears on live TV last night, explaining to the teenage girl who will likely be deported, along with her family that "politics is hard sometimes".
In a meta-analysis of 27 studies, it was shown that the reducing effect of ASS on IUGR was only seen if administration started before 16 weeks [ 36].
In 217 BC, Rome was forced to effectively ignore its long-standing principle that its soldiers must be both citizens and property owners when slaves were pressed into naval service; around 213 BC, the property requirement was reduced from 11,000 to 4,000 asses.
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