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A range of focussing techniques has also been developed to reduce the electron beam focal spot size.
The function of the nanowire is to increase electron mobility and reduce the electron recombination rate within the conjugated polymer.
In order to reduce the electron charge accumulation on the surface during the EDX measurements, the gold (Au) thin layer was deposited by sputtering system beforehand.
To reduce the electron charging effects, both sides of the EM grids were coated with a thin layer of carbon film (2 5 nm in thickness).
However, by creating suitable nanostructures, extra energy-dependent electron scattering mechanisms can be introduced, which could increase the Seebeck coefficient [19, 20] and reduce the electron thermal conductivity.
Nanoscale potential barriers around InGaAs/GaAs interfaces significantly reduce the electron capture in InGaAs from GaAs matrix and enhance photoconductivity [25].
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TiO2 nanobranch deposition on the SNAs can passivate the surface of SnO2 and reduce the electron-hole recombination.
The photogenerated electrons and holes can be separated efficiently and reduce the electron-hole recombination rates under the white light illumination, thus resulting in an abrupt increase in free carrier density.
Therefore, the establishment of the interfacial dipole or interface modification induces lower work function of ITO, which may reduce the electron-injection barrier height compared to the case without interface modification.
In addition, Cu doping can reduce the band gap of TiO2 to an appropriate value for visible-light adsorption and can reduce the electron-hole recombination rate during photocatalysis.
The enhanced PDE of MWCNT/TNT composites is due to the ability of the MWCNTs to promote the electron transfer process and reduce the electron-hole pair recombination rate, as also confirmed by photoluminescence measurements.
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