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The good news is that we can reduce achievement gaps by teaching students that their academic ability is something they can work on, not something fixed by their DNA.
Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.], policy assumptions and instruments that are at odds with the underlying motivations of agents may actually reduce achievement of policy objectives if they act to degrade beneficial norms or alter the basis on which agents make choices.
President Obama's Race to the Top educational program already provides such a model: it gave the Seattle Public Schools and six suburban districts, including Tukwila, an award to reduce achievement gaps and to ensure that high school graduates were prepared for college or entering competitive fields.
These findings suggest that providing supports to improve attendance in pre-kindergarten and early elementary years has the potential to reduce achievement gaps and redirect struggling students onto the pathway toward educational success.
ALEKS has also shown evidence that it may reduce achievement gaps between white and black students when integrated into instruction that would otherwise not include an online adaptive learning system (Huang et al. 2016).
Psychological research has shown that a focus on extrinsic rewards, outside of oneself, can reduce achievement motivation.
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It has neither significantly increased academic performance nor significantly reduced achievement gaps, even as measured by standardized exams.
This replication study examines the efficacy of a writing intervention in reducing achievement gaps among middle school students.
Preterm birth at <37 weeks of gestation is the most common and costly complication of pregnancy and remains the leading cause of neonatal morbidity, death, and reduced achievement in surviving infants.
These gaps are consequential and point to opportunities for policy and practice to deliberately address them, similar to the recent focus on reducing "achievement gaps" in test scores.
For example, Hanushek et al. (2009) find that among black students, having a higher percentage of black schoolmates reduces achievement for black but not for white classmates.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com