Sentence examples for recurrent bottlenecks from inspiring English sources
In this network, two recurrent bottlenecks are located along Odaka line (Route no. 3).
Our simulations confirm that hardening is common in populations that experience sharp, recurrent bottlenecks.
Recurrent bottlenecks, due to habitat fragmentation and the alteration of natural forest habitat in the Basque Country [ 40], could have accentuated this genetic divergence (e.g. [ 41, 42]).
In this work, we passaged mismatch repair defective haploid yeast cells over hundreds of generations with recurrent bottlenecks and determined the mutation rates, spectra, and genome-wide distributions of mutations by using whole-genome sequencing.
As expected in populations under selection and experiencing recurrent bottlenecks, a notable lower variability in insecticide-selected strains was observed as compared to the parental susceptible strain (Table 3).
Finally, individuals often have to face recurrent bottlenecks (i.e. periods of low population density) during the invasion process, both at the time of the introduction and during the spatial expansion [ 45].
A recurrent bottleneck, however, is the establishment of consistent stoichiometric models for the synthesis of recombinant proteins or viruses.
(14) We can also recover these weak and strong selection limits for our earlier simulations of the recurrent bottleneck scenario.
Second, we find that recurrent bottlenecking does not completely compromise the efficacy of natural selection in microbial mutation accumulation experiments, although large deleterious mutations are unlikely to play a substantial role in the evolution of natural populations.
In stark contrast to a population of constant size, the probability of observing soft sweeps can therefore strongly depend on the strength of selection in the recurrent bottleneck scenario.
The heuristic condition Δ T < τ ′ e s t provides a rough estimate of whether hardening is expected in a recurrent bottleneck scenario, but it lacks generality for more complex demographic scenarios and does not provide the actual probabilities of observing soft sweeps.
