For patients with rectal collection devices, volume was converted to number of UBMs by dividing the volume by 60 mL and rounding up to the nearest whole number.
Clostridium difficile infection was defined as a change in bowel habits, with >3 unformed bowel movements (or >200 mL of unformed stool for patients with rectal collection devices) in the 24 hours before randomization and the presence of C. difficile toxin A or B in the stool within 48 hours of randomization.
CDI was defined by a change in bowel habits, with >3 unformed bowel movements (or >200 mL unformed stool for subjects with rectal collection devices) during the 24 hours before randomization, and the presence of either C. difficile toxin A or B in the stool within 48 hours before randomization.
Similar to the rectal temperature monitoring device, the vaginal device allows for the measurement of vaginal temperature without the potential biases associated with the stress response produced as a reaction to the handling by and (or) presence of humans.
For the mercury-in-glass device, rectal was 0.64°F higher than oral, which was 0.39°F higher than groin/axillary sites.
As intravenous administration of nutrients became widely used by medical professionals, rectal feeding and devices like the Murphy Drip fell out of favor.
Inanimate objects considered likely to be contaminated included endotracheal tubes, suction equipment, urinary collection devices, rectal tubes, thermometers, bed linens, and biohazardous waste containers.
The infrared thermometers have produced lower readings in athletic settings — or in lab tests meant to simulate them — than rectal thermometers or other devices.
For example, the uses of the rectal speculum, a common medical device, are discussed in the Hippocratic Corpus.
Mice were placed in a Harvard apparatus mouse stereotaxic frame, and body temperature was maintained at 37 38 °C using a homeothermic heating device and a rectal thermometer.
Calves were fitted with jugular catheters and indwelling rectal-temperature measuring devices that measured rectal temperature.
