In both trials, to measure colistin and tobramycin resistance among gram-negative bacteria, rectal and respiratory samples were obtained monthly from all patients present in the ICU.
However, rectal colonization with multirresistant bacteria is a serious concern with SDD.
Rectal screening for these bacteria can inform the management of infected and colonized patients, especially those admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).
Il10−/−- and WT mice were mono-associated at 10 12 weeks of age by gavage feeding and rectal swabbing with viable bacteria cultured from guinea pig isolates of Bacteroides vulgatus.
The rate of isolation of gram-negative bacteria from rectal and oropharyngeal swabs was low during ICU stay in both the hypothermia and normothermia patients.
We need more data to evaluate the performance of PCR for rapid detection of carbapenemase-producing bacteria from rectal swabs and drainage of critically ill surgical patients even though its concordance with cultures seems to be good.
The prevalence of respiratory tract colonization with HRMO was similar in both groups, but during SDD the prevalence of rectal colonization with such bacteria was lower (7.3%% during SDD vs. 12.7 % during SOD, P = 0.008).
This bacterial survival was illustrated for case-patient 2, who had a positive culture from a rectal swab sample; the bacteria most likely was transmitted by the oral route, possibly after ingestion of contaminated poultry products (3 ) or deglutition of respiratory secretions.
For Tables 1 4, dietary intake, stool biochemistry, bacterial abundance (percentage of total bacteria) and rectal biology data for the first period of the trial are expressed as means with their standard errors of the mean for both groups (HRM and HRM+HAMSB), together with the increment and percentage change for each group.
Results of the second cluster-randomised cross-over study, performed in 16 ICUs yielded a 7% and 4% monthly increase in the prevalence of aminoglycoside-resistant gram-negative bacteria in rectal samples during 12 months of SDD and 12 months of SOD, respectively [ 6].
