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The court has secretly ruled that bulk surveillance is authorized by a section of the Patriot Act that allows the F.B.I. to obtain "business records" relevant to a counterterrorism investigation.
It later was brought under the authority of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court and rooted to a provision of the Patriot Act that allows the F.B.I. to obtain business records "relevant" to a counterterrorism investigation.
The three other members – chairman David Medine, retired federal judge Patricia Wald, and civil liberties advocate James X Dempsey – rejected the government's argument, reaffirmed for years by a secret surveillance court, that the mass phone records collection was justified under a section of the Patriot Act that permits the government to amass records "relevant" to a terrorism inquiry.
The N.S.A.'s argument is that it is allowed to collect records "relevant" to a foreign terrorism investigation, and that includes everybody: The ACLU argues that the category at issue all telephony metadata is too broad and contains too much irrelevant information.
Still secret is the administration's stretched-to-the-max interpretation of Section 215 of the Patriot Act, which allows the government to seek a secret court order to obtain records relevant to a national security investigation — the very basis for the telephone data vacuuming.
Starting in 2006, the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court began issuing secret orders requiring the companies to participate, based on a novel interpretation of Section 215 of the Patriot Act, which said the F.B.I. may obtain business records "relevant" to a terrorism investigation.
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Much less defensible is the judge's assertion that the data collection is authorized by a section of the Patriot Act that allows the government to obtain business records "relevant to an authorized investigation" of espionage or terrorism.
Doyle, a collector of records relevant to LGBT history, first saw mentions of the mysterious album back in the 90s and became intrigued.
In the White House, it was Alberto Gonzales, counsel to the president, who issued a staff-wide directive this week that any records relevant to the investigation not be destroyed.
We searched the PubMed and the Embase for the records relevant to this topic.
Forbes has reviewed trading records relevant to the case.
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