For processing Megrad, recorded torque values in 5° increments (20°, 25°…..45°, 50°) were calculated from the average 1-s torque recorded at each point in the range of motion (e.g. average torque recorded from 19.5 to 20.5° was calculated for stiffness at 20° hip flexion).
The device recorded the torque forces in addition to the push and pull forces exerted during diagnostic colonoscopy.
Muscle function parameters were recorded: peak torque [Nm], peak torque/body weight, total work [J], and average power [W].
This method records the torque required to place the implant and provides valuable information about local bone quality.
The maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was recorded twice and the applied torque was recorded (2 kHz AD sampling rate).
This device records the applied torque and angular displacement of the ankle joint [ 11, 12].
The torque recorded during the passive movements at 10°/s was used to correct the other torque measures for arm weight.
Isokinetic muscle strength of the knee extensors was assessed in both legs by a Biodex® dynamometer (Shirley, New York, USA), recording strength as torque in Nm.
With the animal secured in the apparatus, the ankle was rotated from neutral through a 75° arc into dorsiflexion at an angular velocity was 450°/sec and the peak passive torque recorded (Additional file 1: Figure S1).
Prior to the isometric testing sessions, the subject was required to perform two maximal, 6-s isometric knee extensions to determine the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), which was defined as the highest value of torque recorded during the entire isometric contraction.
