RpoN (σ54 or sigma 54) is a subunit of the RNA polymerase and plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression by recognizing specific promoter elements and initiating transcription.
rtTA is a transcription factor that recognizes specific response elements (Tetracycline Response Element, TRE) in the promoter region of target genes.
These transcription factors need to recognize specific regulatory elements to "turn on" their activity.
Processing and polyadenylation is mediated by a sizeable complex of factors [2]; this complex recognizes specific sequence elements in the pre-mRNA, cleaves the pre-mRNA at a particular site, and facilitates the addition, by poly(A) polymerase, of the poly(A) tract to the cleaved pre-mRNA.
The dimers accumulate in the nucleus, recognize specific DNA elements, and activate transcription.
Activated STAT3 molecules form a homodimer which translocates into the nucleus, where it recognizes specific DNA elements and activates transcription.
Several transcription factors are known which recognize specific response elements in the survivin gene promoter and are involved in the regulation of survivin mRNA transcription.
However, recognizing specific patterns of motion, which are deemed crucial for a functional element, remains a tricky task, requiring sophisticated statistical methods [ 11], such as principal component analysis [ 12, 13] or normal mode analysis [ 14].
Figure 5 Flow for recognizing specific human behaviors.
The translation of the genotype into phenotype, represented for example by the expression of genes encoding enzymes required for the biosynthesis of phytochemicals that are important for interaction of plants with the environment, is largely carried out by transcription factors (TFs) that recognize specific cis-regulatory elements in the genes that they control.
The bacteria use the so called Transcription Activator-like Effectors (TALEs) to recognize specific Effector Binding Elements (EBEs) in the target promoter of the host gene.
