Sentence examples for reciprocal helping from inspiring English sources

This result would suggest that subordinate helping pays for both the opportunity to reproduce and some level of reciprocal helping by the dominant.

Furthermore, unless there is a reciprocal helping relationship or additional resources and support, shifting work from higher to lower-skilled groups can lead to excessive workloads for the latter and fuel the perception that one group is off-loading tasks onto another [ 160, 161].

If we instead assume vampire bats can discriminate among kin, but do not exhibit reciprocity, then it is difficult to explain why reciprocal help, but not kinship, predicts food sharing under captive conditions unless long-term captivity somehow disrupts natural kin discrimination behavior.

But no less important was the practical action in living by the virtues taught by him and in honouring the obligations of reciprocal help in the name of friendship.

Under these conditions, we found that reciprocal help, but not kinship, predicted food sharing.

Reciprocal help (averaged over all trials) predicted food sharing better than past help (in recent previous trials).

Therefore, the roles of reciprocal help and kinship could not be tested simultaneously in the original study.

Past help should predict food sharing if the helping decisions of bats are determined by recent past social experience, whereas reciprocal help should predict food sharing even better if bats use social information accrued over longer time periods.

In this captive experiment, past help predicted donations but only when kin were absent, while in previous field observations, kinship predicted donations but all cases of reciprocal help were not known (Table 2).

Large-scale collective work arrangements such as mutirões and reunidas became rare and day-labor exchange (troca de dia) came to be the most common form of reciprocal help.

First, this would explain why kinship predicts sharing in wild bats (where such bonds may typically form among kin), but not in captive bats when controlling for association, social grooming, and reciprocal help.